22 June

1759

Miguel Lino de Ezpeleta, bishop of Cebu, is appointed governor-general (ad interim) of the Philippines.


1892

Rizal comes to Manila from Hongkong and stays at the Oriente Hotel.


1900

General Arthur MacArthur invites Apolinario Mabini, who is in jail to an interview and tells him that should he submit to the terms of the amnesty proclamation, he will be set free.


1957


Republic Act No. 1808, which restores to General Aguinaldo his life pension of P12,000 per annum, is approved

21 June

1569

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi receives orders to take possession of the Philippines and become first governor. In theory, the Filipinos cease to be free allies and become subjects of Spain.


1574

King Philip II of Spain issues a royal decree confirming the designations of “Insigne y siempre leal Ciudad” and “Nuevo Reino de Castilla” given by Governor Miguel Lopez de Legazpi to the City of Manila and the Island of Luzon, respectively.


1898

General Manuel Tinio and Colonel Tecson subdue the Spanish garrison at San Isidro, Nueva Ecija, and seize 1,050 rifles and 500,000 cartridges.


The Land Tenancy Law is approved by President Aguinaldo.


1899

Tarlac is made the capital of the Philippine Republic


1900

The peace assembly in Manila under Paterno and Bencamino decides to present to the Americans its proposals for peace.

An Amnesty decree is issued by General Arthru MacArthur to all persons who at some time since February 4, 1899 have taken part in the insurrection against the United States.


1901


William H. Taft is appointed first civil governor of the Philippines. During his term, he undertakes the purchase, for the Insular Government the large tracts of agricultural land from the religious orders, and declares them public domain for sale to tenants.

An executive order of the U.S. Secretary of War is issued designating July 4 of this year as the formal change over from military to civil government in the Philippines.


1904

Artemio Ricarte is deported to Hong Kong on board the steamer “Tean” because of his refusal to take the oath of allegiance to the United States.


1915


Birth of Cesar Fernando Basa, pilot and hero of World War II. Died on December 12, 1941.


1947

Creation of Dagupan, Pasay, Lipa, and Ormoc as chartered cities.

20 June

1582

Bishop Domingo de Salazar writes to the King imploring redress for the injustices and the sufferings endured by the Indians, who are continually oppressed by the Spanish officials. As a result of ill-treatment, the Filipino villages are rapidly being depopulated.


1591

Governor Gomez Peresz Dasmariñas sends a letter to King Philip II complaining of the maltreatment of the Filipinos by the friars.


1686


The King of Spain decrees that education in the Philippines to be free of charge, that teachers be selected from the sacristans or assistants of the parish priest, and that the teaching of Spanish be given greater weight.


1898

Aguinaldo issues rules for the holding of sessions in the different juntas and councils and for the organization of police forces and tribunals, civil records, property, registration, and the census.


Jose Clemente Zulueta establishes La Libertad, a revolutionary newspaper.


1899


The Japanese vessel Nonubiki Maru leaves Nagasaki for the Philippines loaded with 10,000 Murata riffles, 6,000,000 rounds of ammunition, and other war supplies purchased by Mariano Ponce.

19 June

1662

The Governor of Zamboanga receives an order from Governor-General Manrique de Lara to evacuate the fort of Zamboanga and re-enforce the Manila garrison against the threatened attack of the Chinese pirate Kue-Sing.

1861


Birth in Calamba, Laguna, of Jose Rizal, the national hero.

1894


A royal order gives official recognition to the Red Cross in the Philippines as a beneficent undertaking.

1900

The Republican Party meets in Philadelphia and approves the well-known slogan for the Philippines: “Our authority cannot be less than our responsibility.”

1940

The teaching of the National Language begins in all public and private schools.

1941


A gigantic parade features Manila’s observance of Loyalty Day, headed President Quezon.

1943

The KALIBAPI elects twenty members of the Preparatory Commission for Philippine Independence (PCPI). This body is charged with the task of framing a constitution for the Japanese-sponsored Republic headed by Dr. Jose P. Laurel.

1944


A naval and air battle ensues between American and Japanese forces on the Philippine Sea.

1950


A reconstruction of the Rizal house in Calamba, Laguna is inaugurated with President Elpidio Quirino as principal speaker.

1961

The nation celebrates the centenary of the birth of Dr. Jose Rizal.

1965

Republic Act No. 4346 providing for the changing of the name of the town of Bailen, Cavite, to “Emilio Aguinaldo” municipality, is approved by President Diosdado Macapagal.

18 June

1758

A royal cedula is issued exempting for all time all Catholic residents of the Diocese of Nueva Segovia, which includes Pangasinan, Ilocos Sur, Cagayan, and Zambales, from payment of the tribute.

1898


Aguinaldo issues a decree reorganizing the municipal and provincial governments of the Philippines. The government of every town shall have a chief; each barrio, a headman; and, in addition, there shall be elected three delegates – one for justice and civil registry; one for police, and internal order, and one for taxes and property

1899

Apolinario Mabini writes to Felipe Buencamino: “My character is not suited to the restless life of the politician – a life that I have led only out of necessity.”

1900

Filipino police units are organized and armed.

1908

The University of the Philippines is established by Act. No. 1870.

20 March

1596

King Felipe II gives the city of Manila a second coat-of-arms. It is more to the liking of the Spaniards than the first.

1784


Gov.-Gen. Jose Basco y Vargas issues a decree forbidding the confiscation of farmers' lands, carabaos, and farm implements by creditors, as well as the farmer's arrest or imprisonment while planting or harvesting their crops.

1896

Andres Bonifacio decrees that all town presidents of the Katipunan districts must hand in their collections to their respective provincial presidents who, in turn, must submit them to the supreme government of the Katipunan.

1899

Commanded by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, 25,000 well-armed revolutionary troops construct trenches at Marilao. His disciplined soldiers keep an impressive line of defense that stretches all the way from Marilao to Malolos.
In Malolos, Bulacan, “El Heraldo Filipino,” a newspaper of the Philippine Revolutionary Government, publishes the letter of Premier Apolinario Mabini to Don Galicano Apacible, chairman of the Filipino Junta in Hongkong. It reads in part: "The American soldiers, with their variety of arms, up to now cannot be said to have surpassed us in strength; and although they have made gains, they had difficulty in obtaining them. They will try to capture Malolos, believing perhaps that once Malolos falls, the war will end; not thinking that this is as great a mistake as in the case of the other territories they have captured. The people greatly desire to use guerrilla warfare in the hope of infiltrating the provinces. Since they are more or less scattered, it will be easy to destroy (the Americans), troop by troop.”

1900

Gen. Manuel Tinio orders the execution of all revolutionary officials who fail to report to the nearest guerrilla commander the movements and plans of the American imperialist troops.

30 September

1617

Jeronimo de Silva arrives and takes charge of the military affairs of the Philippines. He wins a victory over seven Dutch vessels off Corregidor.


1639

A royal cedula is issued providing that the inspection, weighing, and measuring of merchandise on board the galleons must be resorted to only when complaints are made about cargo exceeding its legal value.


1876

Birth of Sofia R. de Veyra, social worker, educator, secretary of the Asociacion Feminista and director of the Woman's Board of Saint Paul's Hospital. Died on January 1, 1953.


1891

Dr. Jose Rizal, in his essay "Filipinas Dentro de cien años," which appears for the first time in La Solidaridad at Madrid, exhorts Spain to give more rights to Filipinos, or she will surely lose the Philippines.


1896

A royal order is issued committing Rizal, to the garrison of Alhucemas, where he is to stay as a deportee.

Skirmishes with Spanish forces takes place in Marikina, Muntinglupa and other points close to Cavite, with the Filipinos winning the engagements.

The revolutionaries of San Mateo and Bosoboso joining forces with those of Binangonan, attack Cainta, and capture all the weapons and ammunition in the town hall.


1962

President Diosdado Macapagal issues an executive order implementing R.A. 2717, otherwise known as the Electrification Administration Act, to provide electricity to every town and reduce the cost of electric power for industrial development.